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　　第二屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇將于2019年4月25日至27日在北京舉行。在召開之際，我們來學習下相關的術語吧。

　　6. 《推動共建絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路的愿景與行動》

　　 Joining Hands to Build a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road – Vision and Actions

　　2015年3月28日，《推動共建絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路的愿景與行動》白皮書在博鰲亞洲論壇上正式發布。這份官方文件得到國務院授權，由國家發展改革委員會、外交部和商務部共同編寫。該文件簡明扼要地闡述了“一帶一路”倡議的背景、原則、框架思想、合作重點與機制等。文件強調，“一帶一路”建設堅持共商、共建、共享原則，以實現政策溝通、設施聯通、貿易暢通、資金融通、民心相通為主要內容。“一帶一路”建設始終秉持開放包容、互利共贏的理念，不是中國一家獨奏，而是沿線國家的大合唱。 

　　At the Boao Forum for Asia on March 28, 2015, a white paper entitled Joining Hands to Build a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road – Vision and Actions was issued by China's National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Ministry of Commerce, with the authorization of the State Council. The document explains the background of the initiative, and outlines its guiding principles and broad objectives, and the priority areas and mechanisms for cooperation. It emphasizes the need for joint efforts through consultation to bring benefits to all, and calls for policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration, and strengthen people-to-people ties. Also highlighted is the inclusive approach to building the Belt and Road, with a focus on finding win-win solutions – achieving success requires the collaboration of the countries along the proposed routes rather than a solo performance by China.

　　7. “五通”：A five-pronged approach

　　2013年9月7日，習近平主席在哈薩克斯坦納扎爾巴耶夫大學發表演講，首次提出加強政策溝通、道路聯通、貿易暢通、貨幣流通、民心相通，共同建設“絲綢之路經濟帶”的戰略倡議。2015年3月28日，中國政府在博鰲亞洲論壇2015年年會期間正式發布《推動共建絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路的愿景與行動》，提出要以“政策溝通、設施聯通、貿易暢通、資金融通、民心相通”（簡稱“五通”）為主要內容，打造“一帶一路”沿線國家政治互信、經濟融合、文化互容的利益共同體、責任共同體和命運共同體。在“一帶一路”建設全面推進過程中，“五通”既相互獨立，在不同時間階段各有重點，也是統一整體，需要相互促進、不可分割。  

　　In his speech at Kazakhstan's Nazarbayev University on September 7, 2013, President Xi Jinping proposed building a new Silk Road Economic Belt by promoting policy coordination, road connectivity, unimpeded trade, currency convertibility, and strengthened people-to-people ties. At the Boao Forum for Asia on March 28, 2015, the Chinese government issued a white paper entitled Joining Hands to Build a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road – Vision and Actions. This document also calls for policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration, and strengthened people-to-people ties (a five-pronged approach), so as to build a community of shared interests and responsibility and with a shared future on the basis of mutual trust, economic integration and cultural inclusiveness. While the five components of this approach are distinct from one another and will have a shifting focus at different stages in building the Belt and Road, they form an integrated whole, and are inseparable and mutually reinforcing.

　　8. 新亞歐大陸橋：New Eurasian Land Bridge 

　　新亞歐大陸橋是相對“西伯利亞大陸橋”（從俄羅斯東部沿海的迪沃斯托克出發，橫穿西伯利亞大鐵路通向莫斯科，然后通向歐洲各國）而言的，又名“第二亞歐大陸橋”，東起江蘇連云港、山東日照等中國沿海港口城市，西至荷蘭鹿特丹、比利時安特衛普等歐洲口岸，途經哈薩克斯坦、俄羅斯、白俄羅斯、波蘭、德國等，全長約10800公里，輻射世界30多個國家和地區，是橫跨亞歐兩大洲，連接太平洋和大西洋的國際大通道。

　　The New Eurasian Land Bridge (NELB) is an international passageway linking the Pacific and the Atlantic. As distinct from the Siberian Landbridge, which goes from Russia's eastern port of Vladivostok through Siberia to Moscow and onward to West European countries, this “second” bridge goes from China's coastal cities of Lianyungang and Rizhao to Holland's Rotterdam and Belgium's Antwerp. The 10,800-kilometer-long rail link runs through Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Poland and Germany, and serves more than 30 countries and regions. 

　　9. 聯合國“絲綢之路復興計劃”：United Nations: Silk Road Initiative 

　　復興絲綢之路的計劃早在上世紀 60 年代就已經開始，最初的計劃是修建一條連接新加坡至土耳其的全長約 14000公里的鐵路。推動絲綢之路復興的政府和組織數量眾多，發揮作用最大的是聯合國。

　　The Silk Road Initiative (SRI) was first discussed in the 1960s. The initial plan was to build 14,000 kilometers of the railway line linking Singapore and Turkey. Many governments and organizations supported the initiative, with the United Nations playing the driving role. 

　　2008年2月，聯合國開發計劃署正式發起了“絲綢之路復興計劃”，來自包括中國、俄羅斯、伊朗、土耳其在內的19國官員在瑞士日內瓦簽署意向書，決定在今后數年投入430億美元，激活古絲綢之路和其他一些古老的歐亞大陸通道，全長7000多公里。

　　The United Nations Development Programme formally launched the SRI in February 2008. Officials from 19 countries including China, Russia, Iran and Turkey signed letters of intent in Geneva, Switzerland, committing to invest US billion in the ensuing years to reinvigorate the ancient Silk Road and other Eurasian land arteries over a combined distance of 7,000 kilometers. 

　　該計劃由230個項目組成，期限為2008年至2014年，投資主要用于改善古絲綢之路等歐亞大陸通道的基礎設施并開發多條經濟走廊。該計劃旨在使古老的絲綢之路重現輝煌，為中亞、東歐等國提供機會，并讓歐亞大陸腹地分享全球化帶來的好處。

　　A total of 230 projects were planned from 2008 to 2014 to improve the infrastructure along the ancient trade routes and open a number of economic corridors. The ultimate goal was to bring a renaissance to the ancient routes, providing new development opportunities for Central Asian and East European countries, and enabling the inland areas to benefit from globalization.